中考作文你怎么才能学好英文
来源:管理学 发布时间:2017-11-11 点击:
中考作文你怎么才能学好英文篇一
2015中考英语作文我能行
2015中考英语作文我能行!
作文万能句式
I will work hard to make my dream come true. It takes sb. +时间+to do…
Sb. spend(某种人称时态)+时间/钱+on sth./ (in) doing sth.
It’s important/necessary/useful/useless/common„(for sb.) to v…
It’s nice/kind of sb. to v..
It’s time for sb. to do sth.
It’s a waste of time to…
It’s „years/days since sb. +ved
It’s great fun to do=sb. have great fun doing
It’s a pity that…
It’s an honor to…
I’m/We’re not allowed to …
I’m afraid of making mistakes…
There be …doing…
Great changes have taken place in…
sth is/are well worth v-ing.
It seems/seemed that…
It seems (im)possible to v…
It is said that…
As the saying goes, …
…and …. are different in many ways.
too + adj./adv. to do
There are many differences between „ and „
I have made up my mind to …
I am sure that…
I am not sure whether/if…
I would rather …. than …
It doesn’t matter if…
Thank you for v-ing.
If everyone can make a contribution to the earth/ nature/ society, our life will be better and better.
have/look for a chance to do
do outdoor activities
be/get used to (doing) sth.
learn…from…
be proud of/ take pride in…
play an important/active part/role in…
agree with sb. to do sth.
with the help of sb.=with one’s help (反义:without one’s help)
be/get ready to do sth.= be/ get ready for sth.
pay attention to…
take good care of …
make friends with…wish you successful/success
as time goes by…
graduate from…
looking back to the past three years,…(用现在完成时态)
pass the (final) exam
stick to doing
keep you mind on your goals
make up one’s mind to do sth. (on sth.)
make a decision to do
work hard at English
once in a while/ at times/ now and then
from then on
get on/along well with …
in the future(将来)/ in future(从今以后)
increase our knowledge/ enlarge our vocabulary
in fact/as a matter of fact
in the beginning/ at first
feel like giving up
have trouble/difficulty in (doing) sth.
have (no) time to do
have experience in (doing) sth.
follow one’s advice/suggestions
master some basic „ skills
be required to do
ask sb. for help
can’t wait to do
be supposed to do
encourage sb. to do
deal/do with …
work out/solve the problems
all sorts/kinds of…
at home and abroad
one of …
be full of…
learn sth. by oneself
come up with good ideaskeep (on) trying
worry about…/ be worried about…
in one’s spare/free time
be kind/friendly to
be strict with
help others
say thank you to…
have fun/enjoy oneself/have a good time
plenty of +C/U
worry about/be worried about
ask sb. for help/ turn to sb. for help/call sb. for help
be popular with…
share sth. with sb.
know little/much about …
be surprised at sth.(to do sth.)
in order to
keep healthy/fit
a good way to v…
do/try one’s best to v…{中考作文你怎么才能学好英文}.
be/feel sorry for…
help sb. (to) do sth./ with sth.
in/during class
before/after class
teach sb. to do sth.
主题写作 1:规章制度
写作导图
从安徽近七年及全国近五年规章制度相关话题书面表达的命题来看,通常从学校规则(校规校纪的认识及建议)、交通规则(对乱穿马路现象的看法)及生活中普遍的行为规范(对遵守秩序的看法)三个角度设题。以(’14安徽)为例:
亮点句型速成
常用句型: We should help protect the environment.
推荐句型: It’s important and necessary for us to help protect the environment. 常用句型:
Don’t crowd with each other.
推荐句型: Don’t crowd with each other especially when we go upstairs or downstairs 开头句:{中考作文你怎么才能学好英文}.
1. There are many rules in our daily life.
2. In order to grow safely, our school has made many safety rules for us to follow.
3. As a middle school student, I think we should obey the school rules
1. If we are in danger, we must call the
police for help in time.
2.We should be friendly and get on well with others, don’t quarrel or even flight.
3. We must obey traffic rules and mustn’t
cross the streets when the traffic lights
are red.
4. We should be careful to eat healthy
food and keep away from junk food.
5. Summer is coming, and we must
remember it’s dangerous to swim in
the river.
6. We should turn off the lights when we leave the classroom.
7. I think we should stop those students from wasting water.
8. We should respect our teachers, parents and the old.
结尾句:
1. I think safety comes first.
2. All in all, we should obey the rules above.
3. If we do like this, maybe our school will be better and better!
4. Anyway, school rules are necessary for us to make fewer mistakes and become good teenager.
典例剖析(’14安徽)
假定你是王伟,你的英国笔友David来信问及你们学校在暑假期间对学生的要求。请你根据以下要点给他回一封电子邮件。
●家庭安全:小心用火用电,外出时关好门窗;
●游泳安全:不独自去游泳,不去河、湖游泳;
●交通安全:过马路要当心,不在马路上玩耍。
提示词:electricity (n. 电)
注意:1. 词数80~100词;
2. 请不要逐句翻译,可适当发挥;
3. 文中不能出现真实的校名和人名;
4. 邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好,不计入
总词数。
【高分范文】
Dear David,
Glad to receive your e-mail. Our school has made many safety rules for us to follow. Let me tell you something about them.
We are asked to be careful with electricity when we are using it. It is
dangerous to play with fire, for it may cause terrible accidents. We should make sure doors and windows are shut before we leave. Besides, we are not allowed to swim alone, especially in deep rivers or lakes. If we really want to, we must go to the swimming pool with our parents or teachers. What’s more, following trafficrules is also very important. Everyone should watch out when crossing the road. And our school warns us not to play on the road. I think these rules are necessary as safety comes first.
Have a good summer holiday!
Yours,
Wang Wei
主题写作 (2) 计划愿望篇
常用表达
1.The summer/winter holiday is coming.
2.I'm going to have a good rest and relax myself.
3.I'm sure I'll have an interesting and meaningful holiday.
4.If possible, I'd like to go to Beijing for a visit of the Great Wall.
5.We are going to meet at the school gate at 7:00 on Sunday morning.
6.I am going to take part in the social activities so that I can know more about the society.
7.I will try to spend more time in chatting with my parents and help them to do some housework.
8.I will read more useful books because reading more books is not only interesting but also can make me learn more knowledge.
典型例题紧张的初中学习生活就要结束了,你即将迎来一个轻松的暑假。请根据下面方框内的提示写一篇短文,谈谈你的假期计划。
注意:
1.词数:80—100;
2.方框内容不必逐字翻译,可适当发挥。
参考词汇:knowledge知识,social activities社会活动
【审题思路】
1.分析题干:由试题的要求可得知对暑假计划的描写要点:休息、学习、活动以及自己的适当发挥部分;
2.时态:一般将来时;
3.人称:第一人称。
【佳作赏析】
). I'm going to have a good rest and learn to relax myself (结合要点:描写好好休息,学会放松). I will read more useful books ). I will try to spend more time in chatting with my parents and help them to do
some housework (结合要点:写陪父母聊天,帮他们做家务). I am going to take part in the social activities (结合要点:描写参加社会活动) so_that_(so that引导的目的状语从句) I can know more about the society. If possible, I'd like to go to Beijing for a visit of the Great Wall (适当发挥拓展). I'm sure I'll have an interesting and meaningful summer holiday
自我挑战
初三毕业在即,你班将组织一次课外活动。假如你是班长,请根据提示内容,用英文写一篇80词左右的活动计划。
内容要点:
1.下周日早上8点在校门口集合,下午2点返回;
2.坐公交车前往寸金公园 (Cunjin Park);
3.唱歌、跳舞、野餐、与老师合影;
4.带齐食物、饮料等;
5.注意安全和防火。
要求:
1.包含所给要点,可适当发挥;
中考作文你怎么才能学好英文篇二
关于学习有困难的中考英语作文
Recently,I have a really hard time with my study. I really need your help.
Last week.I failed the exam. And my mother was very mad at me. In order to get good grades, I chose the way of practicing more at home. So I often had to stay up late to finish it. As a result, I felt tired at school and couldn’t concentrate on my study. My teacher asked me what’s wrong with me. I didn’t reply because I had no ideas to answer the question.
Could you please come up with some ideas for me to get over my problems.
中考作文你怎么才能学好英文篇三
如何写好中考英语作文
如何写好中考英语作文
扬州梅苑双语学校 乐宜俊
中考英语作文是考察学生综合运用英语能力的一种重要形式,中考英语作文在中考英语试卷中占据20分,在中考英语中起着举足轻重的作用。作文质量的好与差,得分悬殊很大,将对考生中考总成绩带来很大影响。
目前我市中考英语作文是一种“半开放性的命题作文”,概括起来,它含有四个方面的要求:内容、语言和形式及自己的观点。内容是按照题目的要求和指令去写,不得遗漏任何一个要求;不能随意发挥去写一些与主题无关的话。语言的要求是正确、恰当、清楚、连贯,要有至少两个复杂句。在形式上首先要题材格式正确,单词的大小写正确、标点符号正确以及词数在100个词左右。自己的观点要符合题目要求,要与考生学习和生活实际相符。 书面表达的写作思路和步骤:
1) 审好题。仔细审查所给的内容提示(包括文字和图表等),明确要求写的内容,确定文章的体裁、人称、时态等,理顺思路,确定主旨。
2) 根据内容要点,写出词语片段。对于易于表达的内容,一次成句;对于一时难于表达的内容,写出词组。此时,即注意不遗漏内容要点,也不要随意添加任何内容。{中考作文你怎么才能学好英文}.
3) 确定句型,连词成句。这个环节是成文的关键,一定要注意做到:
(1) 选用比较有把握的词汇,用恰当的句型写出确切反映内容要求的句子。在熟悉的基
础上,鼓励多用高级词汇和结构复杂的复杂句。如表达“为了„„”时,可用 in order to do 或 so as to do.也可用so that 引导目的状语从句。
(2) 写出的句子要达意,完整,语法正确,合乎习惯,特别是句式、谓语动词形式要有
根有据。
(3) 表达限定的内容有困难时,就要想到“All roads lead to Rome.”这句话,用变通
的方法,已达到“曲径通幽”。如要译“他表哥外强中干”这样一句话,表达起来似乎很难,但我们完全可以通过学过的东西将这句话明白贴切地表达出来:His cousin looks strong but in fact, he is rather weak.
(4) 要用英语思维,符合英语表达习惯,尽量避免使用汉语式的英语。例如要表达“她
睡得很迟”,不可写成:She slept very late.应该写成:She went to bed very late.因为“sleep late”表示“睡懒觉”。又如要表达“他一点都不担心他的英语”,不可写成:He is not a little worried about his English.实际上意思完全相反,表达成“他非常担心他的英语”了。应该是:He is not a bit worried about his English. 或:He is not worried about his English at all.
4)连词成句,添减相宜。单句写出后,根据短文的内容要求,确定先写什么,后写什么,按照表述内容的情节发展和实际需要,重新排列组合已写成的句子,划分必要的段落,一般分成三段。即:文章的开头(Introduction)、文章的主体(Main body)和文章的结尾(Conclusion).这样写成文章的初稿。在连词成句的过程中,还要注意以下几点:(1)句子或段落间的连接不仅仅是个语言问题,也是个逻辑思维方面的问题,这两者是不能截然分开的。能注意到这一点,你的文章就能达到条理清楚、层次分明的境界。 (2)为了使句子或段落语义连贯,表达合理准确,可以适当加入一些链接词语。如表达转折可用but, however, otherwise等,表达递进可用and, also, besides, What’s more等,表达因果so, therefore, as a result等,表达对比可用at the same time, while等,表达让步可用though, although, even if等。有时还需要加入一些必要的过渡句子已达到承上启下的效果。(3)仔细推敲在文章的哪些地方可用复杂句。切忌生搬硬套,给人一种为了用复杂句而用复杂句的感觉。要用得自然、得体。要顺应行文的需要,与整个文章浑然一体。
尽量使用我们熟悉的宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句。
4) 检查,修改,定稿,誊写。检查修改是进一步减少疏漏提高质量的最后程序,这时要对
照题目要求,认真检查以下几点:(1)内容有无遗漏或误词,最好一一对应检查。(2)体裁格式对不对。(3)句子是否有语法结构错误,特别要检查句子中的冠词、代词、名词复数、动词的时态、语态、主谓一致等方面是否有错误。(4)句子是否合乎英语表达习惯,是否达意。(5)书写字迹和标点符号是否规范清晰,词数是否基本上符合要求。经过认真修改润色的短文,即可认真工整地誊写在指定的卷面上。抄好后再速读一遍,力求完美。
例如:原题介绍:
目前,扬州正在创建(create)全国文明城市(National Civilization City)。作为一个中学生,我们在学校、在家里、在公共场合等等应该做到哪些才能称得上是一个文明的(civilized)人呢?我们又如何为这个活动做贡献(make contribution to…)呢?请你就此写一篇100字左右的短文。 __________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________
解题步骤和应注意事项如下:
第一步:认真审题,明确写作体材、提示要点、文章的时态、人称和词数。
这篇作文的体裁是倡议书。文章主要有5大提示要点,考生可以用笔将这些要点圈出来。1扬州正在创建全国文明城市。2作为一个中学生在学校怎么做才能称得上是一个文明的人? 3作为一个中学生在家怎么做?4.作为一个中学生在公共场所怎么做?5. 我们又如何为这个活动做贡献呢?
这篇文章时态以一般现在时为主。人称用第一人称。词数100个左右。
第二步:分析提示要点, 用简明的英语写出要点。
五大提示要点只有第一要点是限定的,考生可以直接翻译。其余四大要点都是半限定的、半开放性的。考生需要根据文章主题的需要联系实际生活进行适当发挥。不同的考生会有不同的答案。这部分既是写作的重点也是难点。考生可用简明的英语写出要点。如: At school: keep the classroom clean and tidy. At home : help parents do some housework In public places: obey the traffic rules don’t make too much noise make a contribution to this event: give out leaflets to make people understand the importance of this activity.
第三步:列出写作提纲,并将要点扩展成句。
开头(Introduction):Yangzhou is creating a National Civilization City. As middle school students,we should try our best to become civilized persons.
正文 (Main body):
At school, we should keep our classroom clean and tidy every day. We shouldn’t throw about rubbish.
At home, we should help our parents do some housework.
In public places, we shouldn’t make much noise in public places. We mustn’t cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.
We can make a contribution to this event by giving out leaflets to the citizens to make then understand the importance of this event and take part in it.
结尾 (conclusion): I am sure Yangzhou will become a National Civilization City soon. 第四步:组句成文。
根据文章内容和要求,可以适当调整以上句子的先后顺序。为了使文章连贯自然,表达准确,适当加一些表达并列、递进、因果、转折等关系的连词,然后组成文章,这时如果发现文章词数不够,可把短语变成句子,也可增添一些与表达内容有关的短语或句子。如:表达“在家”, 不用“at home”. 而用 “When we are at home.”.如果发现文章词数超过要求,可以将句子变成短语或两句并一句。
第五步:计划时间,认真检查、修改。
中考英语作文一般要求在20分钟内完成。因此,考试时间有限,必须合理安排。成文后必须认真检查修改。特别注意以下几点:
3.是否有语法错误。特别是冠词、名词的复数、代词、主谓一致、时态、语态等方面。
第六步:认真誊写。
注意书写清楚、规范,卷面整洁。中考20分作文,有两分卷面整洁分。
下面是修改过的作文:
Yangzhou is creating a National Civilization City. As middle school students, we should try our best to become civilized persons.
First, when we are at school, we should keep our classroom clean and tidy. And we shouldn’t throw about rubbish. Second, we should help our parents do some housework at home. Third, we shouldn’t make much noise in public places. Besides, we mustn’t cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. What’s more, we can give out leaflets to the citizens in order to make them understand the importance of this event and take part in it.{中考作文你怎么才能学好英文}.
If everyone makes a contribution to this event, Yangzhou will become a National Civilization City soon.
如果同学们在复习时就能够有意识地按照以上步骤和要求训练自己的作文,相信同学们在中考中一定能够写出高分作文甚至满分作文。
常用谚语如下:
A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。
All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会用功不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一苹果,不用请医生
Do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
Don‘t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事,今日毕。
A year‘s plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起身体好。 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
一模作文
Dear Xin Yue,
How time flies! It has been a long time since we met last time. How are you getting on? I miss you very much.
You asked me how you can learn English as well as me. I thinkyou can talk with your
friends in English to practise your spoken English. Besides, it’s useful to keep a diary in English every day so that you can improve your writing. What’s more, you can listen to English news and read some English stories if you want to make more progress.
There are many interesting things in China Week during Shanghai World Expo. You can watch the lion dance, Chinese ancient clothes show. At night, there will be fireworks performance there. Do you like it? I hope you can come and enjoy it.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely
Chengcheng
梅三
Recently some frightening things have happened around the school.
Some people broke into the school , hurt and even killed several children. More and more parents worry about their children.
The government has paid much attention to this problem. They have warned parents to care more about their children’s safety and not to let the children go to school too early. And the school has been required to take actions to keep the students safe when they are at school.
As a student, we should know how to protect ourselves. We shouldn’t talk to strangers and we can’t stay outside too late so that nobody has chances to hurt us.
高邮
My name’s Andy. I’ll finish my secondary school soon. I’d like to makea plan for the coming summer holiday.
After the exams in June, first I want to have a good rest, and I will sleep or chat with my friends online. Next, I will do some sports, such as playing basketball and swimming. At last, I’d like to watch some wonderful films and interesting TV shows.
In July, I made a decision to be a volunteer in Yushu with my classmates. We will try our best to help students in disaster areas and some charity work will be done as well, and I’d like to write an article to ask more people to raise money for those poor students. It will bea meaningful experience for me.
In August, during the first twenty days, I will learn to do some housework, such as cooking and cleaning. On the other hand, I think I should learn more skills. During the last ten days, I will plan ahead for my study.
Where there is a will, where there is a way. I hope I will study hard to have success. 树人作文
Dear students:
This spring, most parts in the southwest of China are short of water. It is difficult for more than 20,000,000 people to drink water. The people there don’t have enough clean drinking water to drink because it hasn’t rained for a long time. What’s worse, a great number of wild animals and plants die because of lack of water. I am so shocked that I hope people around the world can save water and protect our environment. We should take action to prevent natural disasters.
Now so many people in Yunnan and some other provinces are in trouble. I think we should try our best to help them. We can also raise money for them to help them dig more wells.
In a word, let’s stretch our helping hands to help those in need. Thanks for your joining.
中考作文你怎么才能学好英文篇四
如何复习备考中考英语作文
如何复习备考中考英语作文
罗显菊
贵州省贵定县城关镇贵定县第三中学
【摘 要】写作是一项能够充分考查学生语言综合运用能力的题型。英语写
作要求学生具有扎实的语言基本功,具备一定的审题能力、想象能力、表达能力和评价能力。英语写作能力是《英语课程标准》对中学生学习的基本要求。但实际上在平时练习或正式的考试中我们都可以看到英语写作对于绝大部分学生来说是一大难题,所以写作也成了英语中考中失分较多的题型。不同的写作题材,写作的重点也是不尽相同的,但学生在写作过程中所犯的错误却基本一致。英语老师在教学实践中,应该针对中考英语作文中常见的错误,采取应对策略,指导学生掌握写作技巧,使学生在规定的时间内按要求写出优秀的英语短文 。
【关键词】英语写作能力;中考英语;写作问题;综合能力;应对措施。
近年来,在英语教学中越来越重视写作教学,随着中考写作分数的逐年增加,英语写作也越来越引起老师和学生的重视。但是,英语写作也是中考中学生看似简单而难得高分的题型。笔者认为只要教师在考前认真分析学生平时写作存在的问题,并及时针对这些问题找出有效可行的应对措施,学生的写作会在原有水平上有所提高的。纵观近几年各地中考英语写作题,题材通常是用日记、书信、通知、对比议论、写人、写事等。一般来说,不同的写作题材,写作的重点也是不尽相同的,但学生在写作过程中所犯的错误却基本一致。笔者在多年的教学过程和期末评卷中,曾多次参与英语作文的评卷工作,从中发现诸多学生的作文出现了这样或那样的问题。而且不少学生平时在练习英语写作时不得法,又苦于找不到提高的有效途径。下面笔者就学生在中考英语写作中存在的问题,谈谈如何提高初中英语写作的措施。
一、英语句子“中国式”表达
很多学生写作时,由于受母语思维的影响,不能顺利地用英语思维,经常出现
中式英语,一些学生喜欢用中文表达习惯去套英文写作,结果写出令人费解的语句。如在学生的作文中常常见到这样的句子:My family has three people. In China have different places of interest.导致这种现象的主要原因是学生缺乏对英语习惯表达法的了解,也没有养成学习英语时经常用英语思维的好习惯。因此,笔者认为,教师在课堂中应该多创设情景和机会,让学生大胆地说英语,引导学生多用英语想东西,多用英语与学生交流。
写作的基础是词汇。词汇是表达思想的基本要素。英语中有名词、代词、动
词、形容词、副词、介词、冠词和连词。在中考复习中我们可以将这些词汇分类,找出最常用的几百个或更多,要求学生要做到四会,即听得懂,说得出,会认读,能拼写。学习一个词汇不仅要知道它的意义,而且要知道它的词性。只有掌握好每个词的词性,才能正确运用。例如:文章是由句子组成的,每一个句子都少不了谓语,而担任谓语的是动词。对于一个很活跃的动词,我们应该掌握以下几个方面:(一)准确的读音和拼写:听得懂,说得出是写作的基础。只有掌握了正确读音,才能做到这一点,只有正确的拼写才能准确无误地传达信息。(二)掌握其基本意义:一些单词与不同的词搭配后貌似相同,其实具有截然不同的含义;
(三)掌握常见搭配:我们所说的搭配,不仅包括动词与介词﹑副词的搭配,而且包括与名词搭配的意义。以动词make为例。make的基本意义是“制作”,而make beds意思是“整理床铺”,make use of意思是“利用”,make money意思是“挣钱”, make faces意思是“做鬼脸”等等;(四)掌握现在分词、过去式和过去分词等形式:因为在写作中经常用到各种时态。因此,熟练掌握一些常用词的不同变化形式是非常必要的。
二、用词不恰当,拼写错误较多{中考作文你怎么才能学好英文}.
要准确表达思想就要正确的选用词语。我们选用词语的原则是:使用有
把握的、会写的词语,但其含义、用法一定要符合题目意思。很多考生选用词语的错误常表现在:1、学生在写作过程中,由于自身词汇量较少,掌握词汇的基本功不扎实,单词拼写错误占一定的比例;2、用词不当、词义(类)混淆,这是由于学生完全依赖中文字面释义,不顾词性内涵、前后搭配等张冠李戴。其中用词不当是最主要的问题,短语搭配不当现象也相当普遍。
三、所写文章语法错误较多
学生在写作时,语法上也有较大问题,如时态错误、主谓不一致、词法搭配错
误等,在学生作文中屡见不鲜,基础语法比较薄弱。学习语言的关键是学以致用,所以在书面表达中用好、用对语法知识是保证写好英语作文的一个重要前提。初中英语写作中常见的语法错误主要表现在:(一)时态错误、语态用错。一般来说,特定时间、背景下的时态总是相同的。在日常训练的时候,可以让学生学会判断要写的文章主要用哪种时态。如:介绍人、事、物的现状常用一般现在时为主;写日记、记叙文常要介绍过去的情况,以一般过去时态为主;写信或邀请函常用一般将来时。(二)语法结构不熟练,使用混乱。初中英语作文中经常可以见到情态动词后面加上动词-ing形式的写法。部分学生对情态动词后面应该加上动词原形的结构非常不熟悉。又如:书写进行时态的句子,常常漏掉助动词be现象。教授完这些基本语法结构后,教师需要把相关的知识进行比较和小结,并通
过大量的口头和笔头训练,让学生牢牢记住这些基本语法结构,并活学活用。
四、句子结构不正确,句式千篇一律
由于许多学生缺乏必要的英语句法知识,尤其是对句子基本结构、简单句的
五种基本类型和常见的同义句句型等不熟悉,在造句时就容易出现语序混乱、句子结构不完整的错误。虽然现在考试淡化语法,但不等于教师不讲语法。因此,笔者认为,教会学生英语五种简单句的基本句型和结构还是很有必要的:
(1)S+V(主语+不及物动词)例句:They study hard.
(2)S+V+O(主语+及物动词+宾语)例句:We love our motherland.
(3)S+V+P(主语+连系动词+表语)例句:His skirt is beautiful.
(4) S+V+IO+DO(主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语)例句:My father bought me a bike.
(5)S+V+O+C(主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语)例句:We must keep our classroom clean.
有句俗语说:“磨刀不误砍柴功”。课本是学生学习的根本,课本给学生提
供了基本的句型、语法知识、词汇等。在复习每单元的时候,教师应引导学生把其中的重点句型找出来,经过反复练习,熟记于心。平时,可以多做一些句型变换的练习,为写作储备足够的句型。告诉学生,写作时应该遵循这样一个原则:
要灵活地用完整的简单句将句意表达清楚,表示同一个话题时,尽量使用不同的写法。这样既能做到结构完整,又能使语句通顺、条理清楚,同时又避免了句式呆板、重复引用,从而使文采显得更生动。教师对于学生能正确的运用和掌握好句子,应从以下几方面对学生进行训练:
(一)由浅入深,循序渐进
俗话说:“冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。”英语写作能力的培养也并非是一蹴而就的。它必须由浅入深、由简到繁、由易到难,循序渐进一环紧扣一环的进行训练。有些学生英语基础很差,甚至连最起码的朗读能力都没有,不少学生根本不会写句子。面对这种情况,笔者尝试过用组词造句的方法来训练学生,就是把相关的词组合成一个意思完整的句子。就是让学生从熟记单词、单句表达,过渡到串词成句、组句成文。这种训练对于这些基础不好的学生来说是行之有效的。然而,组词造句也不能孤立地进行。很难想象一个对所学语言知识不了解,或者了解很少的人能用所给的几个词组成一个完整的没有错误的句子。因而,重中之重的是在进行叠加的训练中,注意调动学生的学习积极性,从简到难,培养学生的兴趣。还要把中学时学到的语法等方面的知识复习一下,因为基础差,严重地阻碍了教学训练的正常进行。比如说用know,I,do,not组句,有的学生就会合成为I not know do 。针对这一现象,在教学中笔者就从训练简单句的五种基本句型讲起,尤其是否定句和疑问句中助动词的用法以及所处的位置,等等。还要训练学生清楚地描述事物的能力。我们以go这个词为例,先要学生往上加词,表明谁去,Will you go with me ?为使意义完整,再加上时间:When we get out of school today , will you go with me ? 为了使思想内容更丰富,再加上去的地点:When we get out of school today. Will you go with me to the movie ? 总之一句话,就是先有框架,再有内容。就象画一棵树一样,不是先画叶子和果实,是先画树干和枝条。还象画一个人,先勾勒基本骨架线条,再填充肌肉。英语句子起码要保证语法和词汇的准确性——词性用对了没有?名词变为复数形式了没有?动词的单三形式有没有体现等等。这样,经过一段时间的训练后,学生们的组词造句能力可以从简单句提高到复合句。而不是整篇文章从头至尾都是单句。
(二)口头造句训练:有了第一步组词造句的训练后,教师再充分利用精读课文中出现的使用频率较高的词、短语,要求学生用这些词进行口头造句。教师一堂课从头讲到尾,而教学的主体——学生只是一味地记笔记,根本没有进行语言实践的机会,学生的主观能动性没有得到发挥。这种教学形式的结果是学生只获得了一定的感性知识,而没有理性的体验。因而记得不扎实,随着时间的流逝,教师所讲的东西也就忘得差不多了,而现场造句无疑避免了这一弊端,听完就练,老师再就学生口头说的句子进行讲解,会使学生不易忘记,所学的东西也就非常理性地印在脑海中了,积极性也调动起来,使得课堂气氛异常活跃。经过第一轮词汇的复习训练,学生组词造句的能力就会有了明显提高。
(三) 翻译句子。翻译句子的训练对于学生有效提高写作水平也是一个必不可少的环节:外语教学中的写作能力的培养,决定着学生整体水平的高低,也是对教师教学水平的检验。教师应充分利用一切现有的条件对学生进行这方面的训练,精读课每课练习中的翻译句子(汉译英)练习就是一个很好的、可以利用的素材。因为,这些句子都是根据每课的内容及出现的生词、短语提出的,学生通过翻译这些句子既复习了课文,又锻炼了写作,也可以说更能锻炼学生的学习能力。我们知
道翻译不同于写作。写作时,作者可以任意选题,自由发挥,而翻译时译者则不能随心所欲地表达自己的思想,必须忠实于原文、原句。故此,这种训练比组词造句又进了一步,要求也更高了,所以说翻译是写作,更是一种再创造。然而,学生们在翻译句子的过程中,还是出现句子往往残缺不全,缺少主语或谓语动词等。遇到这种情况时,笔者就先把原句写在黑板上,让大家一起确定主语、谓语、宾语等,然后判断句子属于什么句型,最后根据原句的意思确定句子所说的事件或者动作发生的时间再来确定用什么时态。经过反复引导、反复练习,学生逐步掌握了其中的要点,做起来也感觉不太难了,准确率也提高了。遇到有争议的句子大家进行讨论,遇到几种意义相近的句子,而用词不一样时,老师再进行对比说明。这样做的好处就是,教师的讲解有了针对性,具有启发性。改变了以往翻译练习只在课后做作业,然后交由教师评改的做法,这种当面批改,大家讨论的方式,使大家都有紧迫感,讲别人写的句子,自己也受到了启发。
五、粗心审题,背离要求
部分学生在写作前不认真审题,没经过深思熟虑就动笔写,写作时没能扣紧主题,故而造成离题、偏题,这样写出来的文章得分也较低。而且由于一些学生忽视了各种体裁的写作特点,从而导致文章体裁格式不正确。如:将写信的日期写在信末;写请假条不写署名等。审题是书面表达的第一步,学生在真正开始写作之前,必须舍得花相当一部分时间做写前阅读、思考等准备工作。只有审准了题,并弄清楚题目要求,才有可能写出好文章,具体来说,审题包含以下四个方面:
(一)审体裁。根据情景提示首先要弄清写何种体裁的文章,是记叙文、说明文、应用文还是议论文。无论提供材料的方式是通过文字描述还是图画或表格,但要求文章的体裁是唯一的,尚若体裁不对,评分时会被相应扣一些分,所以动笔前认真审题至关重要。
(二)审格式。学生在进行短文写作训练时,教师应提供各种文体的范文,讲明各种文体的要求,如日记、便条、书信、通知的格式等,并给予必要的提示。一定的体裁气特有的格式,例如书信、日记、通知、便条等都有特定的格式,不能随便写。其中书信最复杂。根据试题的要求要注意信得开头,称呼、主体、结尾、签名这五个地方(教师也要提醒学生注意大部分的考试作文开头已写好,这样学生要接着内容写不能重复,但不要忘了结尾)。
(三)审内容。要点齐全是得分的基本保证,漏掉要点就会降低档次评分,要想书面表达得充分,内容全面和不跑题,也是最基本的要求。所以考生在审题时要弄清什么该写、什么不该写,哪些详细写,哪些该略写,学生要在规定的字数内把文章内容表达完整。尤其是图画式书面的表达题,考生应注意不能把图中的所有内容都表达出来,要学会连贯性,读懂图的意思,要分清那些是主要内容,那些是次要内容。总之,所写内容既要符合图画所描绘的情景,又要连贯通顺,自圆其说。如写记叙文,要抓好问题、时间、地点、人物、事件以及其他一些要素。
(四)审人称。审人称即弄清书面表达要求用何种人称,用第一人称、第二人称还是第三人称来写,中考书面表达阅卷中非常重视人称,出现人称错误要扣除相应分数。所以学生在审题时千万不要忽略人称的正确使用。
(五)审时态。即根据所给材料信息确定短文的基本时态,一般说来,一篇
特定的短文,它通常有自己特定的基本时态。如通知常用将来时态,日记常用过去时态等等。另外,由于每个句子都涉及时态问题。所以学生在写作时千万不要忽视这个问题。一般来说,在写作中常用的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和现在完成时。教师在训练学生句子时,要有针对性的训练。初三英语作文练习的目的就是为了迎战中考,近几年的中考作文题,特别是话题作文题,之前多有一段导语,这些导语也是审题的关键,他们或激发想象,或启迪思维,或优美精粹,或含蓄深刻,能撩拨学生的写作激情,初三学生在英语作文练习时,可别小觑这些导语,它们也是作文题的一个组成部分,我们理应对此引起足够重视。
六、文章层次杂乱,没有或乱用连接词、过渡词
许多学生的作文几乎是单句的任意堆砌,他们不擅长借助连词来衔接语篇,使句子之间和文段之间缺乏必要的过渡和连贯,影响了信息的传递和表达效果。有时还有较多逻辑错误,在做书面表达的过程中,有的学生一拿到考题慌慌张张开始写,在写作之前没有构思好先写什么后写什么,哪些内容应该详写,哪些内容应该略写,而是一边写一边构思,从而导致整个文章逻辑不清,层次感不强,整篇文章不知所云。许多考生没有意识到文章中句与句之间、上下文之间不同的关系,在写作文的过程中不注意过渡词的运用,这样写出来的文章显得句式单调、文采呆板据。调查了解,他们平时在写作中对连接词和过渡词等词语的使用不大注意。众所周知,要写出清晰流畅的文章,需要把文章中各部分巧妙地连接在一起,为了使句与句之间过渡顺畅、上下连贯、逻辑关系严谨就需要灵活运用一些过渡词。这样可使文章自然而别致,并能层层展开主题句,完整地表达中心思想。而过渡词是连接这些部分的纽带。过渡词是一种关系指引词,一般由副词或起副词作用的短语承担。此外,代词、连词、上下文的近义词等也可作过渡词。过渡词能使文章启、承、转、合,融会贯通,连成一体。有的学生在作文中使用过多简单句,成了简单句堆砌;有的写复杂句时,动辄用so, and,then,but,or,however,yet等,非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的,反而使句子结构松散、呆板。为了避免这种现象,可以通过使用不同的过渡词,不仅能够丰富句型,而且还能够把思想表达得更清楚,意义更连贯。英语写作当中,过渡词的使用不仅可以增强文章的连贯性,而且可以使内容的表达层次分明,自然流畅。英语写作测试题的特点是篇幅简短但思想内容丰富,因而过渡词的使用便成了不可缺少的环节。为使过渡词运用得正确恰当,我们按照它们的使用频率和功能归类如下:
表示时间顺序:and, then, next, after that„
表示对称:on one hand, on the other hand„
表示递进:and, besides, what’s more, in addition„
表示转折:but, yet, however, in fact, instead„
表示因果:so, therefore, as a result, in that case„
表示总结:in one word, in general, in all,in a word等。有了连接词的承上启下,结构更紧凑,语篇的逻辑感也强了。
除上述学生在写作中所出现的问题及教师应采取的应对措施外,教师在训练学生写作时还要注意以下几个方面的训练:
(一)在听、说、读教学中渗透“写”的训练
中考作文你怎么才能学好英文篇五
英语中考真题作文及范文
1.2015年广东广州中考英语作文
书面表达(共1题,满分15分)
你校将开设一些特色课程,学生可根据兴趣进行选择。请根据以下内容提示为学校英文网页写一篇短文,介绍这些课程、提出你建议增设的课程并说明理由。
Students in our school are free to choose some special courses according to their interest. …
注意:1. 参考词汇:模型制作 model making
2. 词数80左右(文章开头已给出,不计入词数);
3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息,否则不予评分。
【参考范文1】Students in our school are free to choose some special courses according to their interest. Students who want to have strong bodies as well as develop their teamwork spirit can choose to attend the football course because this course encourages students to work together. Those who look for a chance to practice their oral English can attend the English drama course. What‟s more, it will provide them chances to act out some interesting plays. Besides, for those who want to know more about science and increase their interest, we will also have a model making course.
In my opinion, I strongly suggest that we should have an International course as well. It is a good opportunity for us to broaden our horizons and I think it is a good chance to improve our foreign language skills.
【参考范文2】Students in our school are free to choose some special courses according to their interest. First of all, the football course is the best choice if you like playing football. When you play football, you can take regular exercise and build up your body. At the same time, playing football can develop your teamwork spirit because you can learn how to help each other.
What‟s more, English play course is a good choice for the students who like English. In the class, it is a good chance for the students to learn acting and improve oral English. If you want to develop an interest in science, you‟d better choose model making course. When you make some models, you can learn more about the science. In my opinion, we should have a reading course as well, because we can learn plenty of knowledge from books. If we read more books, we will become smarter and smarter.dim-sum, seafood and so on. The more I knew about the food culture of Guangzhou ,the prouder I felt about being part of Guangzhou.